surface n. 1.表面;地面;水面;广场,空地。 2.外观,外表,皮毛。 3.【几】面;切口;【航空】翼面。 adj. 表面的;地面的,水面的;外观的,外表上的;(对高架及地下铁路说的)平地上的;(对矿井内说的)矿井外的。 an adjusting surface 【航空】调节板。 a supporting surface 【航空】支持面积。 a plane surface 平面。 surfaces in contact =rubbing surfaces 摩擦面。 look at the surface only 只看外表。 One never gets below the surface with him. 人们无法看透他的内心。 a surface raider 海上突击舰。 look below [beneath] the surface of things 看到事物的内部。 of the surface 外观上的,表面的。 on the surface 表面上,外表上。 vt. 为…装面[配面],对…作表面处理;使成平面;掘开…的地面;铺(路面);使(潜艇)浮出水面。 vi. 地面采掘,井外劳动;浮出水面。
And ground surface displacement and deformation in the 1277 mining area at wenjiaping mine were analyzed by using this model 并采用该模型对文家坪磷矿1277采区地表岩体移动变形进行了具体的计算分析。
The anchorage force of bolt , the displacement of deep surrounding rock , and the surface displacement of the gateway were comprehensively observed , indicating that the testing entry affected by dynamical mining pressure still keeps stable , achieving a good supporting effect 锚杆受力、围岩深部位移、顶板离层及巷道表面位移综合观测表明,受回采动压影响后,试验巷道稳定,支护效果好。
Based on the error theory of point measurement are the identifying of the error range set , sketch of the error ellipse , analysis on displacement of the monitoring sites and error detection , providing a fundamental theory infrastructure for dynamic assessment of surface displacement and gray prediction 根据点位测量的误差理论,确定定误差值域范围,绘出误差椭圆;对各监测点进行位移与误差判别分析,为地表位移动态分析和灰色预测提供理论基础。
The notable torsion effects of the surface ground motion above the alluvial valley are illustrated and the torsion effects become stronger as the frequency of the incidence is higher . ( 4 ) antiplane surface motion of the underground circular soft inclusion and the underground homogeneous soft interlayer is investigated in this paper . the results indicate : surface displacement amplitudes just above the soft inclusion of small depth - to - width ratio is amplified and soft interlayer of small depth - to - thickness ratio is amplified to a certain degree , and moreover , the latter is lower limit of the former 结果表明:垂直入射时,小深宽比软夹塞上方地表位移幅值有较大的放大,小深厚比软夹层的地表位移幅值也有一定的放大,且后者为前者的下限;波接近掠入射时,软夹塞正上方地表点和软夹层的中国地震局工程力学研究所硕士学位论文一地表位移幅值都没有放大,而软夹塞迎波面一侧地表点的位移幅值会有一定的放大;软夹塞上方的地表位移运动有较强烈的扭转效应,且此扭转效应随入射波频率的增高而增强。
( 5 ) antiplane surface motion of underground circular hard inclusion and underground homogeneous hard interlayer is investigated . the results indicate : the surface displacement amplitudes just above the underground circular hard inclusion is reduced , while surface motion on both two sides are significantly amplified when the vertical waves are excited . the surface motion on the side o 结果表明:波垂直入射时硬夹塞上方地表位移幅值处于减小状态,但在两侧出现放大,波斜入射时硬夹塞的迎波一侧地表易出现一定的放大:硬夹层上的地表位移幅值在多数情况下呈现一种放大作用,对深厚比较大的硬夹层放大作用易出现在低频:地下硬夹塞上的地表运动没有明显的扭转效应。
After that , antiplane surface motion features of the shallow alluvial valley of small depth - to - width ratio are investigated in details . the results indicate that surface displacement amplitudes of alluvial valley will not reduce when the alluvial valley become shallow . the maximum amplitudes will move to high frequency with depth - to - width ratio becoming small 在此基础上,对小深宽比的浅圆弧型沉积盆地出平面地表运动特征做了较深入的研究,结果表明盆地地表位移幅值不会因变浅而减小,最大反应会随着盆地深宽比的减小而向高频移动。
Based on the principle of dspi , a kind of visual system was designed in this dissertation . which can be used in testing the off - surface displacement and deformation of the rough surface . at the same time , a multi - purpose optical metering system which contains this visual system was created and manufactured 基于dspi原理,论文吸收统计分析思想,相对完善了该技术的实用技术体系,设计了一种dspi应用光路,该光路可用于粗糙表面离面位移和形变检测,并依托此光路设计了一套多功能激光光电实验系统。